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The Kirchhoff index Kf, also simply called the resistance and denoted R (Lukovits et al. 1999), of a connected graph G on n nodes is defined by ...

A symmetry of a knot K is a homeomorphism of R^3 which maps K onto itself. More succinctly, a knot symmetry is a homeomorphism of the pair of spaces (R^3,K). Hoste et al. ...

The Lambert W-function, also called the omega function, is the inverse function of f(W)=We^W. (1) The plot above shows the function along the real axis. The principal value ...

A mathematical procedure for finding the best-fitting curve to a given set of points by minimizing the sum of the squares of the offsets ("the residuals") of the points from ...

The term Mandelbrot set is used to refer both to a general class of fractal sets and to a particular instance of such a set. In general, a Mandelbrot set marks the set of ...

Roughly speaking, the metric tensor g_(ij) is a function which tells how to compute the distance between any two points in a given space. Its components can be viewed as ...

In his last letter to Hardy, Ramanujan defined 17 Jacobi theta function-like functions F(q) with |q|<1 which he called "mock theta functions" (Watson 1936ab, Ramanujan 1988, ...

The Möbius function is a number theoretic function defined by mu(n)={0 if n has one or more repeated prime factors; 1 if n=1; (-1)^k if n is a product of k distinct primes, ...

The Newton-Cotes formulas are an extremely useful and straightforward family of numerical integration techniques. To integrate a function f(x) over some interval [a,b], ...

A normal distribution in a variate X with mean mu and variance sigma^2 is a statistic distribution with probability density function ...