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The term "snark" was first popularized by Gardner (1976) as a class of minimal cubic graphs with edge chromatic number 4 and certain connectivity requirements. (By Vizing's ...

Take the Helmholtz differential equation del ^2F+k^2F=0 (1) in spherical coordinates. This is just Laplace's equation in spherical coordinates with an additional term, (2) ...

A spheroid is an ellipsoid having two axes of equal length, making it a surface of revolution. By convention, the two distinct axis lengths are denoted a and c, and the ...

The square root method is an algorithm which solves the matrix equation Au=g (1) for u, with A a p×p symmetric matrix and g a given vector. Convert A to a triangular matrix ...

There appear to be two different definitions of the standard error. The standard error of a sample of sample size n is the sample's standard deviation divided by sqrt(n). It ...

One of the three classes of tori illustrated above and given by the parametric equations x = (c+acosv)cosu (1) y = (c+acosv)sinu (2) z = asinv. (3) The three different ...

A k-regular simple graph G on nu nodes is strongly k-regular if there exist positive integers k, lambda, and mu such that every vertex has k neighbors (i.e., the graph is a ...

A superegg is a solid described by the equation |sqrt((x^2+y^2)/(a^2))|^n+|z/b|^n=1. (1) The special case n=2 gives a spheroid. Special cases of volume V_n are given by V_1 = ...

A tetraview is a visualization technique for bivariate complex functions. In the simplest case, the graph of a complex-valued function w=w(z) can be considered as a ...

A plane partition which is invariant under permutation of the three axes and which is equal to its complement (i.e., the collection of cubes that are in a given box but do ...