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A prime link is a link that cannot be represented as a knot sum of other links. Doll and Hoste (1991) list polynomials for oriented links of nine or fewer crossings, and ...

For N=k·2^n+1 with k odd and 2^n>k, if there exists an integer a such that a^((N-1)/2)=-1 (mod N), then N is prime. A prime of this form is known as a Proth prime.

A type of cusp as illustrated above for the curve x^4+x^2y^2-2x^2y-xy^2+y^2=0.

A triangle center is regular iff there is a triangle center function which is a polynomial in Delta, a, b, and c (where Delta is the area of the triangle) such that the ...

The Sally sequence gives the sequence of lengths of the repetitions which are avoided in the Linus sequence. The first few terms are 0, 1, 1, 2, 1, 3, 1, 1, 3, 2, 1, 6, 3, 2, ...

Eliminate each knot crossing by connecting each of the strands coming into the crossing to the adjacent strand leaving the crossing. The resulting strands no longer cross but ...

The name for the set of integers modulo m, denoted Z/mZ. If m is a prime p, then the modulus is a finite field F_p=Z/pZ.

A polynomial which is not necessarily an invariant of a link. It is related to the dichroic polynomial. It is defined by the skein relationship ...

cos(pi/(10)) = 1/4sqrt(10+2sqrt(5)) (1) cos((3pi)/(10)) = 1/4sqrt(10-2sqrt(5)) (2) cot(pi/(10)) = sqrt(5+2sqrt(5)) (3) cot((3pi)/(10)) = sqrt(5-2sqrt(5)) (4) csc(pi/(10)) = ...

cos(pi/(12)) = 1/4(sqrt(6)+sqrt(2)) (1) cos((5pi)/(12)) = 1/4(sqrt(6)-sqrt(2)) (2) cot(pi/(12)) = 2+sqrt(3) (3) cot((5pi)/(12)) = 2-sqrt(3) (4) csc(pi/(12)) = sqrt(6)+sqrt(2) ...