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In category theory, a tensor category (C, tensor ,I,a,r,l) consists of a category C, an object I of C, a functor tensor :C×C->C, and a natural isomorphism a = a_(UVW):(U ...

Informally, a function f:{0,1}^(l(n))×{0,1}^n->{0,1}^(m(n)) is a trapdoor one-way function if 1. It is a one-way function, and 2. For fixed public key y in {0,1}^(l(n)), ...

Vector addition is the operation of adding two or more vectors together into a vector sum. The so-called parallelogram law gives the rule for vector addition of two or more ...

A zonal harmonic is a spherical harmonic of the form P_l(costheta), i.e., one which reduces to a Legendre polynomial (Whittaker and Watson 1990, p. 302). These harmonics are ...

Given a property P, if P(x)∼x as x->infty (so, using asymptotic notation, the number of numbers less than x not satisfying the property P is o(x), where o(x) is one of the ...

A face-centered cubic sphere packing obtained by placing layers of spheres one on top of another. Because there are two distinct ways to place each layer on top of the ...

A convergence test also called "de Morgan's and Bertrand's test." If the ratio of terms of a series {a_n}_(n=1)^infty can be written in the form ...

A two-sided (doubly infinite) Laplace transform, L_t[f(t)](s)=int_(-infty)^inftyf(t)e^(-st)dt. While some authors use this as the primary definition of "the" Laplace ...

Let {A_n}_(n=0)^infty be a sequence of events occurring with a certain probability distribution, and let A be the event consisting of the occurrence of a finite number of ...

An occurrence of a variable in a logic which is not free. Bound variables are also called dummy variables.