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A generalization of Fermat's little theorem. Euler published a proof of the following more general theorem in 1736. Let phi(n) denote the totient function. Then a^(phi(n))=1 ...

Binet's first formula for the log gamma function lnGamma(z), where Gamma(z) is a gamma function, is given by for R[z]>0 (Erdélyi et al. 1981, p. 21; Whittaker and Watson ...

Let any finite or infinite set of points having no finite limit point be prescribed and associate with each of its points a principal part, i.e., a rational function of the ...

The distribution with probability density function and distribution function P(x) = (ab^a)/(x^(a+1)) (1) D(x) = 1-(b/x)^a (2) defined over the interval x>=b. It is ...

A standard normal distribution is a normal distribution with zero mean (mu=0) and unit variance (sigma^2=1), given by the probability density function and distribution ...

The ordinary differential equation z^2y^('')+zy^'+(z^2-nu^2)y=(4(1/2z)^(nu+1))/(sqrt(pi)Gamma(nu+1/2)), where Gamma(z) is the gamma function (Abramowitz and Stegun 1972, p. ...

The q-analog of the factorial (by analogy with the q-gamma function). For k an integer, the q-factorial is defined by [k]_q! = faq(k,q) (1) = ...

A Sheffer sequence for (1,f(t)) is called the associated sequence for f(t), and a sequence s_n(x) of polynomials satisfying the orthogonality conditions ...

The average power of a complex signal f(t) as a function of time t is defined as <f^2(t)>=lim_(T->infty)1/(2T)int_(-T)^T|f(t)|^2dt, where |z| is the complex modulus (Papoulis ...

A Bergman kernel is a function of a complex variable with the "reproducing kernel" property defined for any domain in which there exist nonzero analytic functions of class ...