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A universal sentence is a sentence (i.e., formula of the predicate calculus without free variables) whose variables are universally quantified.

The numbers lambda_(nun) in the Gaussian quadrature formula Q_n(f)=sum_(nu=1)^nlambda_(nun)f(x_(nun)).

The abscissas of the N-point Gaussian quadrature formula are precisely the roots of the orthogonal polynomial for the same interval and weighting function.

Let a closed surface have genus g. Then the polyhedral formula generalizes to the Poincaré formula chi(g)=V-E+F, (1) where chi(g)=2-2g (2) is the Euler characteristic, ...

A well-formed formula B is said to be true for the interpretation M (written |=_MB) iff every sequence in Sigma (the set of all denumerable sequences of elements of the ...

A prime factorization algorithm also known as Pollard Monte Carlo factorization method. There are two aspects to the Pollard rho factorization method. The first is the idea ...

Propositional calculus, first-order logic, and other theories in mathematical logic are defined by their axioms (or axiom schemata, plural: axiom schemata) and inference ...

A metatheorem in mathematical logic also known under the name "conditional proof." It states that if the sentential formula B can be derived from the set of sentential ...

The volume of a polyhedron composed of N triangular faces with vertices (a_i,b_i,c_i) can be computed using the curl theorem as V=1/6sum_(i=1)^Na_i·n_i, where the normal n_i ...

A proof based on a dissection which shows the formula for the area of a plane figure or of the volume of a solid. Dozens of different dissection proofs are known for the ...