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Given a sequence {a_i}_(i=1)^N, an n-moving average is a new sequence {s_i}_(i=1)^(N-n+1) defined from the a_i by taking the arithmetic mean of subsequences of n terms, ...

The maximum and minimum of the normal curvature kappa_1 and kappa_2 at a given point on a surface are called the principal curvatures. The principal curvatures measure the ...

A sample is a subset of a population that is obtained through some process, possibly random selection or selection based on a certain set of criteria, for the purposes of ...

The rth sample central moment m_r of a sample with sample size n is defined as m_r=1/nsum_(k=1)^n(x_k-m)^r, (1) where m=m_1^' is the sample mean. The first few sample central ...

When computing the sample variance s numerically, the mean must be computed before s^2 can be determined. This requires storing the set of sample values. However, it is ...

The Weibull distribution is given by P(x) = alphabeta^(-alpha)x^(alpha-1)e^(-(x/beta)^alpha) (1) D(x) = 1-e^(-(x/beta)^alpha) (2) for x in [0,infty), and is implemented in ...

A continuous distribution defined on the range x in [0,2pi) with probability density function P(x)=(e^(bcos(x-a)))/(2piI_0(b)), (1) where I_0(x) is a modified Bessel function ...

The golden ratio, also known as the divine proportion, golden mean, or golden section, is a number often encountered when taking the ratios of distances in simple geometric ...

A constant, sometimes also called a "mathematical constant," is any well-defined real number which is significantly interesting in some way. In this work, the term "constant" ...

A division algebra, also called a "division ring" or "skew field," is a ring in which every nonzero element has a multiplicative inverse, but multiplication is not ...