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A unit ring is a ring with a multiplicative identity. It is therefore sometimes also known as a "ring with identity." It is given by a set together with two binary operators ...

Universality is the property of being able to perform different tasks with the same underlying construction just by being programmed in a different way. Universal systems are ...

The unsorted union of a list S is a list containing the same elements as S but with the second and subsequent occurrence of any given element removed. For example, the ...

The upper half-plane is the portion of the complex plane {x+iy:x,y in (-infty,infty)} satisfying y=I[z]>0 i.e., {x+iy:x in (-infty,infty),y in (0,infty)}. Common notations ...

Consider the problem of comparing two real numbers x and y based on their continued fraction representations. Then the mean number of iterations needed to determine if x<y or ...

A positive integer n is a veryprime iff all primes p<=sqrt(n) satisfy {|2[n (mod p)]-p|<=1 very strong; |2[n (mod p)]-p|<=sqrt(p) strong; |2[n (mod p)]-p|<=p/2 weak. (1) The ...

The vierergruppe is the Abelian abstract group on four elements that is isomorphic to the finite group C2×C2 and the dihedral group D_2. The multiplication table of one ...

A transform which localizes a function both in space and scaling and has some desirable properties compared to the Fourier transform. The transform is based on a wavelet ...

A prime number is said to be weakly prime if changing a single digit to every other possible digit produces a composite number when performed on each digit. The first few ...

The Weierstrass constant is defined as the value sigma(1|1,i)/2, where sigma(z|omega_1,omega_2) is the Weierstrass sigma function with half-periods omega_1 and omega_2. ...