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There are two important theorems known as Herbrand's theorem. The first arises in ring theory. Let an ideal class be in A if it contains an ideal whose lth power is ...

A composite number defined analogously to a Smith number except that the sum of the number's digits equals the sum of the digits of its distinct prime factors (excluding 1). ...

A homogeneous space M is a space with a transitive group action by a Lie group. Because a transitive group action implies that there is only one group orbit, M is isomorphic ...

As Lagrange showed, any irrational number alpha has an infinity of rational approximations p/q which satisfy |alpha-p/q|<1/(sqrt(5)q^2). (1) Furthermore, if there are no ...

A type of number involving the roots of unity which was developed by Kummer while trying to solve Fermat's last theorem. Although factorization over the integers is unique ...

If a subgroup H of G has a group representation phi:H×W->W, then there is a unique induced representation of G on a vector space V. The original space W is contained in V, ...

A point process N on R is said to be interval stationary if for every r=1,2,3,... and for all integers i_i,...,i_r, the joint distribution of {tau_(i_1+k),...,tau_(i_r+k)} ...

The German mathematician Kronecker proved that all the Galois extensions of the rationals Q with Abelian Galois groups are subfields of cyclotomic fields Q(mu_n), where mu_n ...

The Kauffman X-polynomial, also called the normalized bracket polynomial, is a 1-variable knot polynomial denoted X (Adams 1994, p. 153), L (Kauffman 1991, p. 33), or F ...

The continued fraction for K is [2; 1, 2, 5, 1, 1, 2, 1, 1, ...] (OEIS A002211). A plot of the first 256 terms of the continued fraction represented as a sequence of binary ...