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A quantity which gives the inclination of a curve or line with respect to another curve or line. For a line in the xy-plane making an angle theta with the x-axis, the slope m ...

A 4-cusped hypocycloid which is sometimes also called a tetracuspid, cubocycloid, or paracycle. The parametric equations of the astroid can be obtained by plugging in n=a/b=4 ...

Christoffel symbols of the second kind are the second type of tensor-like object derived from a Riemannian metric g which is used to study the geometry of the metric. ...

To predict the result of a measurement requires (1) a model of the system under investigation, and (2) a physical theory linking the parameters of the model to the parameters ...

A theory is decidable iff there is an algorithm which can determine whether or not any sentence r is a member of the theory.

Spherical coordinates, also called spherical polar coordinates (Walton 1967, Arfken 1985), are a system of curvilinear coordinates that are natural for describing positions ...

An nth-rank tensor in m-dimensional space is a mathematical object that has n indices and m^n components and obeys certain transformation rules. Each index of a tensor ranges ...

There are at least two results known as "the area principle." The geometric area principle states that (|A_1P|)/(|A_2P|)=(|A_1BC|)/(|A_2BC|). (1) This can also be written in ...

The p-layer of H, L_(p^')(H) is the unique minimal normal subgroup of H which maps onto E(H/O_(p^')(H)).

A sequence of circles which closes (such as a Steiner chain or the circles inscribed in the arbelos) is called a chain.