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The numbers three and four appear prominently in the game of baseball. There are three strikes for an out, three outs per half-inning (i.e., teams switch after three outs, ...

A coordinate system which is similar to bispherical coordinates but having fourth-degree surfaces instead of second-degree surfaces for constant mu. The coordinates are given ...

The second part of Pollard rho factorization method concerns detection of the fact that a sequence has become periodic. Pollard's original suggestion was to use the idea ...

A minimal surface given by the parametric equations x(u,v) = u-sinucoshv (1) y(u,v) = 1-cosucoshv (2) z(u,v) = 4sin(1/2u)sinh(1/2v) (3) (Gray 1997), or x(r,phi) = ...

If r is the inradius of a circle inscribed in a right triangle with sides a and b and hypotenuse c, then r=1/2(a+b-c). (1) A Sangaku problem dated 1803 from the Gumma ...

The term "continuum" has (at least) two distinct technical meanings in mathematics. The first is a compact connected metric space (Kuratowski 1968; Lewis 1983, pp. 361-394; ...

There are a number of graphs associated with J. H. Conway. The first is the unique rank-3 strongly regular graph with parameters (nu,k,lambda,mu)=(1408,567,246,216) with ...

The corkscrew surface, sometimes also called the twisted sphere (Gray 1997, p. 477), is a surface obtained by extending a sphere along a diameter and then twisting. It can be ...

The cornoid is the curve illustrated above given by the parametric equations x = acost(1-2sin^2t) (1) y = asint(1+2cos^2t), (2) where a>0. It is a sextic algebraic curve with ...

The polar curve r=1+2cos(2theta) (1) that can be used for angle trisection. It was devised by Ceva in 1699, who termed it the cycloidum anomalarum (Loomis 1968, p. 29). It ...