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The extended mean-value theorem (Anton 1984, pp. 543-544), also known as the Cauchy mean-value theorem (Anton 1984, pp. 543) and Cauchy's mean-value formula (Apostol 1967, p. ...

The fourth group isomorphism theorem, also called the lattice group isomorphism theorem, lets G be a group and let N⊴G, where N⊴G indicates that N is a normal subgroup of G. ...

If two groups are residual to a third, every group residual to one is residual to the other. The Gambier extension of this theorem states that if two groups are ...

Let p be prime and r = r_mp^m+...+r_1p+r_0 (0<=r_i<p) (1) k = k_mp^m+...+k_1p+k_0 (0<=k_i<p), (2) then (r; k)=product_(i=0)^m(r_i; k_i) (mod p). (3) This is proved in Fine ...

Consider the inequality sigma(n)<e^gammanlnlnn for integer n>1, where sigma(n) is the divisor function and gamma is the Euler-Mascheroni constant. This holds for 7, 11, 13, ...

The outer Soddy circle is the solution to the four coins problem. It has circle function l=((-a+b+c)^2[f(a,b,c)+16g(a,b,c)rs])/(4bc[(a^2+b^2+c^2)-2(ab+bc+ca)+8rs]^4), (1) ...

A circle packing is called rigid (or "stable") if every circle is fixed by its neighbors, i.e., no circle can be translated without disturbing other circles of the packing ...

A uniform distribution of points on the circumference of a circle can be obtained by picking a random real number between 0 and 2pi. Picking random points on a circle is ...

Every polynomial equation having complex coefficients and degree >=1 has at least one complex root. This theorem was first proven by Gauss. It is equivalent to the statement ...

The parallel curves of a circle with radius a with offset k are given by the parametric equations x_p(t) = (a+k)cost (1) y_p(t) = (a+k)sint (2) and are therefore themselves ...