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A function f which may (but does not necessarily) associate a given member of the range of f with more than one member of the domain of f. For example, trigonometric ...

The sequence generated by repeated application of a map. The map is said to have a closed orbit if it has a finite number of elements.

A function that arises in performance analysis of partially coherent, differentially coherent, and noncoherent communications. The generalized Marcum Q-function is defined by ...

An algorithm which constructs allowed mathematical statements from simple ingredients.

A pair of matrices ND^(-1) or D^(-1)N, where N is the matrix numerator and D is the denominator.

Numerical maximization is implemented as NMaximize[f, vars]5.0.

A set considered together with the sigma-algebra on the set.

The terms "measure," "measurable," etc. have very precise technical definitions (usually involving sigma-algebras) that can make them appear difficult to understand. However, ...

The double covering group of the (linear) symplectic group.

Numerical minimization is implemented NMinimize[f, vars].