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Find two numbers such that x^2=y^2 (mod n). If you know the greatest common divisor of n and x-y, there exists a high probability of determining a prime factor. Taking small ...

A Radon measure is a Borel measure that is finite on compact sets.

A random matrix is a matrix of given type and size whose entries consist of random numbers from some specified distribution. Random matrix theory is cited as one of the ...

A set of methods that are generally superior to ANOVA for small data sets or where sample distributions are non-normal.

phi(A)+phi(B)-phi(A union B)>=phi(A intersection B).

The topological entropy of a map M is defined as h_T(M)=sup_({W_i})h(M,{W_i}), where {W_i} is a partition of a bounded region W containing a probability measure which is ...

The Wilcoxon test statistic is equivalent to the T_+ statistic in the Wilcoxon signed rank test (Kanji 1999).

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Comprehensive encyclopedia of mathematics with 13,000 detailed entries. Continually updated, extensively illustrated, and with interactive examples.

A general type of statistical distribution which is related to the gamma distribution. Beta distributions have two free parameters, which are labeled according to one of two ...