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In antiquity, geometric constructions of figures and lengths were restricted to the use of only a straightedge and compass (or in Plato's case, a compass only; a technique ...

The greatest common divisor, sometimes also called the highest common divisor (Hardy and Wright 1979, p. 20), of two positive integers a and b is the largest divisor common ...

A Haar graph H(n) is a bipartite regular indexed by a positive integer and obtained by a simple binary encoding of cyclically adjacent vertices. Haar graphs may be connected ...

A Hadamard matrix is a type of square (-1,1)-matrix invented by Sylvester (1867) under the name of anallagmatic pavement, 26 years before Hadamard (1893) considered them. In ...

An integral of the form intf(z)dz, (1) i.e., without upper and lower limits, also called an antiderivative. The first fundamental theorem of calculus allows definite ...

A set of real numbers x_1, ..., x_n is said to possess an integer relation if there exist integers a_i such that a_1x_1+a_2x_2+...+a_nx_n=0, with not all a_i=0. For ...

The term "integral" can refer to a number of different concepts in mathematics. The most common meaning is the the fundamenetal object of calculus corresponding to summing ...

A Keith number is an n-digit integer N>9 such that if a Fibonacci-like sequence (in which each term in the sequence is the sum of the n previous terms) is formed with the ...

An n×n Latin square is a Latin rectangle with k=n. Specifically, a Latin square consists of n sets of the numbers 1 to n arranged in such a way that no orthogonal (row or ...

The Legendre polynomials, sometimes called Legendre functions of the first kind, Legendre coefficients, or zonal harmonics (Whittaker and Watson 1990, p. 302), are solutions ...