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The word quadrature has (at least) three incompatible meanings. Integration by quadrature either means solving an integral analytically (i.e., symbolically in terms of known ...

Stirling's approximation gives an approximate value for the factorial function n! or the gamma function Gamma(n) for n>>1. The approximation can most simply be derived for n ...

In general, there are two important types of curvature: extrinsic curvature and intrinsic curvature. The extrinsic curvature of curves in two- and three-space was the first ...

The term used in propositional calculus for the NAND connective. The notation A|B is used for this connective, a most unfortunate choice in light of modern usage of A|B or ...

"Aut" is the term applied in propositional calculus to the XOR connective. "Aut" is Latin form for "either/or (but not both)," e.g., "Aut Caesar aut nihil" (Cesare Borgia; ...

The bivariate normal distribution is the statistical distribution with probability density function P(x_1,x_2)=1/(2pisigma_1sigma_2sqrt(1-rho^2))exp[-z/(2(1-rho^2))], (1) ...

A conclusion is a statement arrived at by applying a set of logical rules known as syllogisms to a set of premises. The process of drawing conclusions from premises and ...

The formal term in propositional calculus for the connective implies.

A generalization of Poncelet's continuity principle made by H. Schubert in 1874-1879. The conservation of number principle asserts that the number of solutions of any ...

A disjunctive syllogism is a valid argument form in propositional calculus, where p and q are propositions: (p v q; ¬p)/(∴q). For example, if someone is going to study law or ...