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An algorithm which isolates roots in the complex plane by generalizing one-dimensional bracketing.

Data resulting from the observation of a population on a number of variables over time. Whenever observations are made more than once, the data is considered to be ...

A curve on which points of a map z_n (such as the Mandelbrot set) diverge to a given value r_(max) at the same rate. A common method of obtaining lemniscates is to define an ...

The term "nonisomorphic" means "not having the same form" and is used in many branches of mathematics to identify mathematical objects which are structurally distinct. ...

Let A be a finite-dimensional power-associative algebra, then A is the vector space direct sum A=A_(11)+A_(10)+A_(01)+A_(00), where A_(ij), with i,j=0,1 is the subspace of A ...

Given f:X->Y, the image of x is f(x). The preimage of y is then f^(-1)(y)={x|f(x)=y}, or all x whose image is y. Images are elements of the range, while preimages are subsets ...

A reflexive graph is a pseudograph such that each vertex has an associated graph loop.

Deciding whether a given Boolean formula in conjunctive normal form has an assignment that makes the formula "true." In 1971, Cook showed that the problem is NP-complete.

A diagonal matrix whose diagonal elements all contain the same scalar lambda. A scalar matrix is therefore equivalent to lambdaI, where I is the identity matrix.

A topological space is second countable if it has a countable topological basis.