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For a right triangle with legs a and b and hypotenuse c, a^2+b^2=c^2. (1) Many different proofs exist for this most fundamental of all geometric theorems. The theorem can ...

A groupoid S such that for all a,b in S, there exist unique x,y in S such that ax = b (1) ya = b. (2) No other restrictions are applied; thus a quasigroup need not have an ...

Let the two-dimensional cylinder function be defined by f(x,y)={1 for r<R; 0 for r>R. (1) Then the Radon transform is given by ...

It is possible to find six points in the plane, no three on a line and no four on a circle (i.e., none of which are collinear or concyclic), such that all the mutual ...

The number of ways N(m,n) of finding a subrectangle with an m×n rectangle can be computed by counting the number of ways in which the upper right-hand corner can be selected ...

A Redheffer matrix is a square (0,1)-matrix with elements a_(ij) equal to 1 if j=1 or i|j (i divides j), and 0 otherwise. For n=1, 2, ..., the first few Redheffer matrices ...

A regular pyramid is a right pyramid whose base is a regular polygon. For a right pyramid of height h with a regular n-gonal base of side length a and circumradius R, the ...

Consider a two-dimensional tessellation with q regular p-gons at each polygon vertex. In the plane, (1-2/p)pi=(2pi)/q (1) 1/p+1/q=1/2, (2) so (p-2)(q-2)=4 (3) (Ball and ...

The residue classes of a function f(x) mod n are all possible values of the residue f(x) (mod n). For example, the residue classes of x^2 (mod 6) are {0,1,3,4}, since 0^2=0 ...

The rhombic triacontahedral graph is Archimedean dual graph which is the skeleton of the rhombic triacontahedron, great rhombic triacontahedron, and small triambic ...