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There are three types of so-called fundamental forms. The most important are the first and second (since the third can be expressed in terms of these). The fundamental forms ...

The eight Gell-Mann matrices lambda_i, i=1,...,8, are an example of the set of generators of the Lie algebra associated to the special unitary group SU(3). Explicitly, these ...

A giraffe graph is a graph formed by all possible moves of a hypothetical chess piece called a "giraffe" which moves analogously to a knight except that it is restricted to ...

A class of illusion in which an object which is physically unrealizable is apparently depicted. More than 100 papers have been written about impossible figures (Kulpa 1987), ...

A d-dimensional discrete percolation model is said to be inhomogeneous if different graph edges (in the case of bond percolation models) or vertices (in the case of site ...

Given a circle C with center O and radius k, then two points P and Q are inverse with respect to C if OP·OQ=k^2. If P describes a curve C_1, then Q describes a curve C_2 ...

C. Kimberling has extensively tabulated and enumerated the properties of triangle centers (Kimberling 1994, 1998, and online), denoting the nth center in his numbering scheme ...

A projection which maps a sphere (or spheroid) onto a plane. Map projections are generally classified into groups according to common properties (cylindrical vs. conical, ...

Measure theory is the study of measures. It generalizes the intuitive notions of length, area, and volume. The earliest and most important examples are Jordan measure and ...

The midsphere, also called the intersphere, reciprocating sphere, or inversion sphere, is a sphere with respect to which the polyhedron vertices of a polyhedron are the ...