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For {M_i}_(i in I) a family of R-modules indexed by a directed set I, let sigma_(ji):M_j->M_i i<=j be an R-module homomorphism. Call (M_i,sigma_(ji)) an inverse system over I ...

A coordinate system which has a metric satisfying g_(ii)=-1 and partialg_(ij)/partialx_j=0.

A skew coordinate system is a system of curvilinear coordinates in which each family of surfaces intersects the others at angles other than right angles. Skew coordinate ...

The vector field N_f(z)=-(f(z))/(f^'(z)) arising in the definition of the Newtonian graph of a complex univariate polynomial f (Smale 1985, Shub et al. 1988, Kozen and ...

The real projective plane is the closed topological manifold, denoted RP^2, that is obtained by projecting the points of a plane E from a fixed point P (not on the plane), ...

In particle physics, a spinor field of order 2s describes a particle of spin s, where s is an integer or half-integer. Therefore, a spinor of order 4s contains as much ...

Given a field F and an extension field K superset= F, if alpha in K is an algebraic element over F, the minimal polynomial of alpha over F is the unique monic irreducible ...

The circumcircle, Brocard circle, Lemoine axis, and isodynamic points belong to a coaxal system orthogonal to the Apollonius circles, called the Schoute coaxal system. In ...

A basis of a modular system M is any set of polynomials B_1, B_2, ... of M such that every polynomial of M is expressible in the form R_1B_1+R_2B_2+..., where R_1, R_2, ... ...

The set R union {infty}, obtained by adjoining one improper element to the set R of real numbers, is the set of projectively extended real numbers. Although notation is not ...