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A free idempotent monoid is a monoid that satisfies the identity x^2=x and is generated by a set of elements. If the generating set of such a monoid is finite, then so is the ...

The circumcircle of the Fuhrmann triangle. It has the line HNa, where H is the orthocenter and Na is the Nagel point, as its diameter. In fact, these points (Kimberling ...

There are three types of so-called fundamental forms. The most important are the first and second (since the third can be expressed in terms of these). The fundamental forms ...

The Game of Logic, described by Lewis Carroll--author of Alice in Wonderland--in 1887 (Carroll 1972) consists of discussing the meaning of propositions like "Some fresh cakes ...

The so-called generalized Fourier integral is a pair of integrals--a "lower Fourier integral" and an "upper Fourier integral"--which allow certain complex-valued functions f ...

The Gergonne line is Oldknow's (1996) term for the perspectrix of a contact triangle DeltaDEF and its reference triangle DeltaABC. It is determined by the Nobbs points D^', ...

Let there be m doctors and n<=m patients, and let all mn possible combinations of examinations of patients by doctors take place. Then what is the minimum number of surgical ...

The Golay code is a perfect linear error-correcting code. There are two essentially distinct versions of the Golay code: a binary version and a ternary version. The binary ...

The second blackboard problem in the 1997 film Good Will Hunting asks for all the series-reduced trees (referred to by the alternate term "homeomorphically irreducible trees" ...

A bridge of a connected graph is a graph edge whose removal disconnects the graph (Chartrand 1985, p. 45; Skiena 1990, p. 177). More generally, a bridge is an edge of a ...