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A principle that was first enunciated by Jakob Bernoulli which states that if we are ignorant of the ways an event can occur (and therefore have no reason to believe that one ...

A mathematical problem, usually not requiring advanced mathematics, to which a solution is desired. Puzzles frequently require the rearrangement of existing pieces (e.g., 15 ...

Quinn et al. (2007) investigated a class of N coupled oscillators whose bifurcation phase offset had a conjectured asymptotic behavior of sinphi∼1-c_1/N, with an experimental ...

Given a random variable X with continuous and strictly monotonic probability density function f(X), a quantile function Q_f assigns to each probability p attained by f the ...

Qubic is a generalization of tic-tac-toe in which players alternately place pieces to get four in a row (rows, columns, pillars, face diagonals, or space diagonals) on a ...

RSA numbers are difficult to-factor composite numbers having exactly two prime factors (i.e., so-called semiprimes) that were listed in the Factoring Challenge of RSA ...

The symbol RadicalBox[x, n] used to indicate a root is called a radical, or sometimes a surd. The expression RadicalBox[x, n] is therefore read "x radical n," or "the nth ...

The Randić energy of a graph is defined as the graph energy of its Randić matrix, i.e., the sum of the absolute values of the eigenvalues of its Randić matrix.

The Randić spectral radius rho_(Randic) of a graph is defined as the largest eigenvalue of its Randić matrix.

A random closed set (RACS) in R^d is a measurable function from a probability space (Omega,A,P) into (F,Sigma) where F is the collection of all closed subsets of R^d and ...