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A curve similar to the sine function but possibly shifted in phase, period, amplitude, or any combination thereof. The general sinusoid of amplitude a, angular frequency ...

The small world problem asks for the probability that two people picked at random have at least one acquaintance in common.

A curve on the surface of a sphere. Examples include the baseball cover, Seiffert's spherical spiral, spherical helix, and spherical spiral.

An idealized mathematical object having a rigorously straight edge which can be used to draw a line segment. Although geometric constructions are sometimes said to be ...

Informally, a symplectic map is a map which preserves the sum of areas projected onto the set of (p_i,q_i) planes. It is the generalization of an area-preserving map. ...

A surface of revolution obtained by rotating a closed plane curve about an axis parallel to the plane which does not intersect the curve. The simplest toroid is the torus. ...

The triquetra is a geometric figure consisting of three mutually intersecting vesica piscis lens shapes, as illustrated above. The central region common to all three lenses ...

Jacobi theta functions can be used to uniformize all elliptic curves. Jacobi elliptic functions may also be used to uniformize some hyperelliptic curves, although only two ...

The point or points to which the extensions of parallel lines appear to converge in a perspective drawing.

An abstract machine that is implemented in software is termed a virtual machine.