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Model completion is a term employed when existential closure is successful. The formation of the complex numbers, and the move from affine to projective geometry, are ...

Let G be a group and theta n permutation of G. Then theta is an orthomorphism of G if the self-mapping nu of G defined by nu(x)=x^(-1)theta(x) is also an permutation of G.

A reduced root system is a root system R satisfying the additional property that, if alpha in R, then the only multiples of alpha in R are +/-alpha.

Abstract algebra is the set of advanced topics of algebra that deal with abstract algebraic structures rather than the usual number systems. The most important of these ...

The axiom of Zermelo-Fraenkel set theory which asserts that sets formed by the same elements are equal, forall x(x in a=x in b)=>a=b. Note that some texts (e.g., Devlin ...

The axiom of Zermelo-Fraenkel set theory which asserts the existence for any set a and a formula A(y) of a set x consisting of all elements of a satisfying A(y), exists x ...

Let A^~, B^~, ... be operators. Then the commutator of A^~ and B^~ is defined as [A^~,B^~]=A^~B^~-B^~A^~. (1) Let a, b, ... be constants, then identities include [f(x),x] = 0 ...

A cyclotomic field Q(zeta) is obtained by adjoining a primitive root of unity zeta, say zeta^n=1, to the rational numbers Q. Since zeta is primitive, zeta^k is also an nth ...

A technique in set theory invented by P. Cohen (1963, 1964, 1966) and used to prove that the axiom of choice and continuum hypothesis are independent of one another in ...

An integer d is a fundamental discriminant if it is not equal to 1, not divisible by any square of any odd prime, and satisfies d=1 (mod 4) or d=8,12 (mod 16). The function ...