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Angle addition formulas express trigonometric functions of sums of angles alpha+/-beta in terms of functions of alpha and beta. The fundamental formulas of angle addition in ...

An isoscelizer of an (interior) angle A in a triangle DeltaABC is a line through points I_(AB)I_(AC) where I_(AB) lies on AB and I_(AC) on AC such that DeltaAI_(AB)I_(AC) is ...

The initial side of an angle theta drawn in angle standard position is the side lying on the positive x-axis. In general, viewing an angle as the amount of rotation about the ...

The quadratrix was discovered by Hippias of Elias in 430 BC, and later studied by Dinostratus in 350 BC (MacTutor Archive). It can be used for angle trisection or, more ...

An antisymmetric (also called alternating) tensor is a tensor which changes sign when two indices are switched. For example, a tensor A^(x_1,...,x_n) such that ...

The tangent space at a point p in an abstract manifold M can be described without the use of embeddings or coordinate charts. The elements of the tangent space are called ...

Let R^3 be the space in which a knot K sits. Then the space "around" the knot, i.e., everything but the knot itself, is denoted R^3-K and is called the knot complement of K ...

A fractal derived from the Koch snowflake. The base curve and motif for the fractal are illustrated below. The area enclosed by pieces of the curve after the nth iteration is ...

In n-dimensional Lorentzian space R^n=R^(1,n-1), the light cone C^(n-1) is defined to be the subset consisting of all vectors x=(x_0,x_1,...,x_(n-1)) (1) whose squared ...

A Lindenmayer system, also known as an L-system, is a string rewriting system that can be used to generate fractals with dimension between 1 and 2. Several example fractals ...