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A function defined for all positive integers, sometimes also called an arithmetic function (Nagell 1951, p. 26) or number theoretic function (Wilf 1994, p. 58).

A differential ideal is an ideal I in the ring of smooth forms on a manifold M. That is, it is closed under addition, scalar multiplication, and wedge product with an ...

An integrating factor is a function by which an ordinary differential equation can be multiplied in order to make it integrable. For example, a linear first-order ordinary ...

There are at least two distinct notions of an intensity function related to the theory of point processes. In some literature, the intensity lambda of a point process N is ...

The interior product is a dual notion of the wedge product in an exterior algebra LambdaV, where V is a vector space. Given an orthonormal basis {e_i} of V, the forms ...

In univariate interpolation, an interpolant is a function L=L(x) which agrees with a particular function f at a set of known points x_0,x_1,x_2,...,x_n and which is used to ...

A partially ordered set P=(X,<=) is an interval order if it is isomorphic to some set of intervals on the real line ordered by left-to-right precedence. Formally, P is an ...

The inverse Gaussian distribution, also known as the Wald distribution, is the distribution over [0,infty) with probability density function and distribution function given ...

A system of coordinates obtained by inversion of the oblate spheroids and one-sheeted hyperboloids in oblate spheroidal coordinates. The inverse oblate spheroidal coordinates ...

A system of coordinates obtained by inversion of the prolate spheroids and two-sheeted hyperboloids in prolate spheroidal coordinates. The inverse prolate spheroidal ...