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The essential supremum is the proper generalization to measurable functions of the maximum. The technical difference is that the values of a function on a set of measure zero ...

The term "Euler function" may be used to refer to any of several functions in number theory and the theory of special functions, including 1. the totient function phi(n), ...

The Euler points are the midpoints E_A, E_B, E_C of the segments which join the vertices A, B, and C of a triangle DeltaABC and the orthocenter H. They are three of the nine ...

For p an odd prime and a positive integer a which is not a multiple of p, a^((p-1)/2)=(a/p) (mod p), where (a|p) is the Legendre symbol.

A generalization of Fermat's little theorem. Euler published a proof of the following more general theorem in 1736. Let phi(n) denote the totient function. Then a^(phi(n))=1 ...

A curve on the unit sphere S^2 is an eversion if it has no corners or cusps (but it may be self-intersecting). These properties are guaranteed by requiring that the curve's ...

An exact sequence is a sequence of maps alpha_i:A_i->A_(i+1) (1) between a sequence of spaces A_i, which satisfies Im(alpha_i)=Ker(alpha_(i+1)), (2) where Im denotes the ...

The center J_i of an excircle. There are three excenters for a given triangle, denoted J_1, J_2, J_3. The incenter I and excenters J_i of a triangle are an orthocentric ...

An existential sentence is a statement claiming the existence of an object with given properties. In the language of set theory it can be formulated as follows, exists x in U ...

Draw a triangle DeltaA_1A_2A_3, and let A_1^' be the intersection of the parallel to A_3A_1 through A_2 (the A_2-exmedian) and the parallel to A_1A_2 through A_3 (the ...