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A prime factor is a factor that is prime, i.e., one that cannot itself be factored. In general, a prime factorization takes the form ...

The factorization of a number into its constituent primes, also called prime decomposition. Given a positive integer n>=2, the prime factorization is written ...

Given algebraic numbers a_1, ..., a_n it is always possible to find a single algebraic number b such that each of a_1, ..., a_n can be expressed as a polynomial in b with ...

A primitive group action is transitive and it has no nontrivial group blocks. A transitive group action that is not primitive is called imprimitive. A group that has a ...

Let D be a subset of the nonnegative integers Z^* with the properties that (1) the integer 0 is in D and (2) any time that the interval [0,n] is contained in D, one can show ...

A prismatoid having planar sides and the same number of vertices in both of its parallel planes. The faces of a prismoid are therefore either trapezoids or parallelograms. ...

Given a vector space V, its projectivization P(V), sometimes written P(V-0), is the set of equivalence classes x∼lambdax for any lambda!=0 in V-0. For example, complex ...

The 4-polyhex illustrated above.

A proper subset S^' of a set S, denoted S^' subset S, is a subset that is strictly contained in S and so necessarily excludes at least one member of S. The empty set is ...

An algebraic structure whose elements consist of selected homeomorphisms between open subsets of a space, with the composition of two transformations defined on the largest ...