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Consider a one-dimensional Hamiltonian map of the form H(p,q)=1/2p^2+V(q), (1) which satisfies Hamilton's equations q^. = (partialH)/(partialp) (2) p^. = ...

A quantified system of real algebraic equations and inequalities in variables {x_1,...,x_n} is an expression QS=Q_1(y_1)Q_2(y_2)...Q_m(y_m)S(x_1,...,x_n;y_1,...,y_m), where Q ...

For a given monic quartic equation f(x)=x^4+a_3x^3+a_2x^2+a_1x+a_0, (1) the resolvent cubic is the monic cubic polynomial g(x)=x^3+b_2x^2+b_1x+b_0, (2) where the coefficients ...

A harmonic number is a number of the form H_n=sum_(k=1)^n1/k (1) arising from truncation of the harmonic series. A harmonic number can be expressed analytically as ...

A classic arithmetical problem probably first posed by Euclid and investigated by various authors in the Middle Ages. The problem is formulated as a dialogue between the two ...

In cylindrical coordinates, the scale factors are h_r=1, h_theta=r, h_z=1, so the Laplacian is given by del ...

A second-order ordinary differential equation arising in the study of stellar interiors, also called the polytropic differential equations. It is given by ...

In spherical coordinates, the scale factors are h_r=1, h_theta=rsinphi, h_phi=r, and the separation functions are f_1(r)=r^2, f_2(theta)=1, f_3(phi)=sinphi, giving a Stäckel ...

The Fibonacci numbers are the sequence of numbers {F_n}_(n=1)^infty defined by the linear recurrence equation F_n=F_(n-1)+F_(n-2) (1) with F_1=F_2=1. As a result of the ...

The Diophantine equation x^2+k=y^3, which is also an elliptic curve. The general equation is still the focus of ongoing study.