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In general, an extremal graph is the largest graph of order n which does not contain a given graph G as a subgraph (Skiena 1990, p. 143). Turán studied extremal graphs that ...

A curious approximation to the Feigenbaum constant delta is given by pi+tan^(-1)(e^pi)=4.669201932..., (1) where e^pi is Gelfond's constant, which is good to 6 digits to the ...

Given a number n, Fermat's factorization methods look for integers x and y such that n=x^2-y^2. Then n=(x-y)(x+y) (1) and n is factored. A modified form of this observation ...

According to Hardy and Wright (1979), the 44-digit Ferrier's prime determined to be prime using only a mechanical calculator, is the largest prime found before the days of ...

A field is any set of elements that satisfies the field axioms for both addition and multiplication and is a commutative division algebra. An archaic name for a field is ...

Given a first-order ordinary differential equation (dy)/(dx)=F(x,y), (1) if F(x,y) can be expressed using separation of variables as F(x,y)=X(x)Y(y), (2) then the equation ...

Steiner gave and Droz-Farny (1901) proved that if equal circles are drawn about the vertices of a triangle (dashed circles in the above figure), they cut the lines joining ...

The triangle DeltaN_1N_2N_3 formed by joining a set of three Neuberg centers (i.e., centers of the Neuberg circles) obtained from the edges of a given triangle DeltaA_1A_2A_3 ...

The fish curve is a term coined in this work for the ellipse negative pedal curve with pedal point at the focus for the special case of the eccentricity e^2=1/2. For an ...

The determination of a test for the equality of means for two normal distributions with different variances given samples from each. There exists an exact test which, ...