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The identity element of an additive monoid or group or of any other algebraic structure (e.g., ring, module, abstract vector space, algebra) equipped with an addition. It is ...

A zero matrix is an m×n matrix consisting of all 0s (MacDuffee 1943, p. 27), denoted 0. Zero matrices are sometimes also known as null matrices (Akivis and Goldberg 1972, p. ...

The prime number theorem gives an asymptotic form for the prime counting function pi(n), which counts the number of primes less than some integer n. Legendre (1808) suggested ...

The Delta-variation is a variation in which the varied path over which an integral is evaluated may end at different times than the correct path, and there may be variation ...

The Gregory series is a pi formula found by Gregory and Leibniz and obtained by plugging x=1 into the Leibniz series, pi/4=sum_(k=1)^infty((-1)^(k+1))/(2k-1)=1-1/3+1/5-... ...

Legendre showed that there is no rational algebraic function which always gives primes. In 1752, Goldbach showed that no polynomial with integer coefficients can give a prime ...

The tangent numbers, also called a zag number, and given by T_n=(2^(2n)(2^(2n)-1)|B_(2n)|)/(2n), (1) where B_n is a Bernoulli number, are numbers that can be defined either ...

The de Longchamps point L is the reflection of the orthocenter H about the circumcenter O of a triangle. It has triangle center function alpha=cosA-cosBcosC, (1) and is ...

1 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 2 2 0 2 4 5 5 (1) The Entringer numbers E(n,k) (OEIS A008281) are the number of permutations of {1,2,...,n+1}, starting with k+1, which, after initially ...

Expanding the Riemann zeta function about z=1 gives zeta(z)=1/(z-1)+sum_(n=0)^infty((-1)^n)/(n!)gamma_n(z-1)^n (1) (Havil 2003, p. 118), where the constants ...