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A relation expressing a sum potentially involving binomial coefficients, factorials, rational functions, and power functions in terms of a simple result. Thanks to results by ...

A basis vector in an n-dimensional vector space is one of any chosen set of n vectors in the space forming a vector basis, i.e., having the property that every vector in the ...

Let (xi_1,xi_2) be a locally Euclidean coordinate system. Then ds^2=dxi_1^2+dxi_2^2. (1) Now plug in dxi_1=(partialxi_1)/(partialx_1)dx_1+(partialxi_1)/(partialx_2)dx_2 (2) ...

The cross polytope beta_n is the regular polytope in n dimensions corresponding to the convex hull of the points formed by permuting the coordinates (+/-1, 0, 0, ..., 0). A ...

The squared norm of a four-vector a=(a_0,a_1,a_2,a_3)=a_0+a is given by the dot product a^2=a_mua^mu=(a^0)^2-a·a, (1) where a·a is the usual vector dot product in Euclidean ...

Let E be a compact connected subset of d-dimensional Euclidean space. Gross (1964) and Stadje (1981) proved that there is a unique real number a(E) such that for all x_1, ...

A sphere is defined as the set of all points in three-dimensional Euclidean space R^3 that are located at a distance r (the "radius") from a given point (the "center"). Twice ...

The problem of maximizing a linear function over a convex polyhedron, also known as operations research or optimization theory. The general problem of convex optimization is ...

A root-finding algorithm used in LU decomposition. It solves the N^2 equations i<j l_(i1)u_(1j)+l_(i2)u_(2j)+...+l_(ii)u_(ij)=a_(ij)i=j ...

The element in the diagonal of a matrix by which other elements are divided in an algorithm such as Gauss-Jordan elimination is called the pivot element. Partial pivoting is ...