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Take K a number field and m a divisor of K. A congruence subgroup H is defined as a subgroup of the group of all fractional ideals relative prime to m (I_K^m) that contains ...

Let V be an n-dimensional linear space over a field K, and let Q be a quadratic form on V. A Clifford algebra is then defined over T(V)/I(Q), where T(V) is the tensor algebra ...

A colossally abundant number is a positive integer n for which there is a positive exponent epsilon such that (sigma(n))/(n^(1+epsilon))>=(sigma(k))/(k^(1+epsilon)) for all ...

A fundamental system of logic based on the concept of a generalized function whose argument is also a function (Schönfinkel 1924). This mathematical discipline was ...

A completely positive matrix is a real n×n square matrix A=(a_(ij)) that can be factorized as A=BB^(T), where B^(T) stands for the transpose of B and B is any (not ...

The number d(n) of monotone Boolean functions of n variables (equivalent to one more than the number of antichains on the n-set {1,2,...,n}) is called the nth Dedkind number. ...

The detour polynomial of a graph G is the characteristic polynomial of the detour matrix of G. Precomputed detour polynomials for many named graphs are available in the ...

The direct product is defined for a number of classes of algebraic objects, including sets, groups, rings, and modules. In each case, the direct product of an algebraic ...

In order to find integers x and y such that x^2=y^2 (mod n) (1) (a modified form of Fermat's factorization method), in which case there is a 50% chance that GCD(n,x-y) is a ...

An optical illusion named after British psychologist James Fraser, who first studied the illusion in 1908 (Fraser 1908). The illusion is also known as the false spiral, or by ...