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The symbol union , used for the union of sets, and, sometimes, also for the logical connective OR instead of the symbol v (vee). In fact, for any two sets A and B x in A ...

Two metrics g_1 and g_2 defined on a space X are called equivalent if they induce the same metric topology on X. This is the case iff, for every point x_0 of X, every ball ...

On a measure space X, the set of square integrable L2-functions is an L^2-space. Taken together with the L2-inner product with respect to a measure mu, <f,g>=int_Xfgdmu (1) ...

A nonnegative function g(x,y) describing the "distance" between neighboring points for a given set. A metric satisfies the triangle inequality g(x,y)+g(y,z)>=g(x,z) (1) and ...

A set of class representatives is a subset of X which contains exactly one element from each equivalence class.

The set P^2 is the set of all equivalence classes [a,b,c] of ordered triples (a,b,c) in C^3\(0,0,0) under the equivalence relation (a,b,c)∼(a^',b^',c^') if ...

The quotient space X/∼ of a topological space X and an equivalence relation ∼ on X is the set of equivalence classes of points in X (under the equivalence relation ∼) ...

First stated in 1924, the Banach-Tarski paradox states that it is possible to decompose a ball into six pieces which can be reassembled by rigid motions to form two balls of ...

The MacBeath inconic of a triangle is the inconic with parameters x:y:z=a^2cosA:b^2cosB:c^2cosC. (1) Its foci are the circumcenter O and the orthocenter H, giving the center ...

Let K be a number field, then each fractional ideal I of K belongs to an equivalence class [I] consisting of all fractional ideals J satisfying I=alphaJ for some nonzero ...