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The simplex method is a method for solving problems in linear programming. This method, invented by George Dantzig in 1947, tests adjacent vertices of the feasible set (which ...

Somos's quadratic recurrence constant is defined via the sequence g_n=ng_(n-1)^2 (1) with g_0=1. This has closed-form solution ...

Stirling's approximation gives an approximate value for the factorial function n! or the gamma function Gamma(n) for n>>1. The approximation can most simply be derived for n ...

Let sopfr(n) be the sum of prime factors (with repetition) of a number n. For example, 20=2^2·5, so sopfr(20)=2+2+5=9. Then sopfr(n) for n=1, 2, ... is given by 0, 2, 3, 4, ...

A tag system is set of rules that specifies a fixed number of elements (commonly denoted nu or beta) be removed from the beginning of a sequence and a set of elements to be ...

The Walsh functions consist of trains of square pulses (with the allowed states being -1 and 1) such that transitions may only occur at fixed intervals of a unit time step, ...

A "weird number" is a number that is abundant (i.e., the sum of proper divisors is greater than the number) without being pseudoperfect (i.e., no subset of the proper ...

The Young tableau (plural, "tableaux") of a Ferrers diagram is obtained by placing the numbers 1, ..., n in the n boxes of the diagram. A "standard" Young tableau is a Young ...

Let x_0 be a rational number in the closed interval [0,1], and generate a sequence using the map x_(n+1)=2x_n (mod 1). (1) Then the number of periodic map orbits of period p ...

3 is the only integer which is the sum of the preceding positive integers (1+2=3) and the only number which is the sum of the factorials of the preceding positive integers ...