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The illusion due to psychologist Edward Bradford Titchener that a circle surrounded by other circles will appear smaller if the surrounding circles are enlarged. This effect ...

A basin of attraction in which every point on the common boundary of that basin and another basin is also a boundary of a third basin. In other words, no matter how closely a ...

The Abel-Plana formula gives an expression for the difference between a discrete sum and the corresponding integral. The formula can be derived from the argument principle ...

A quantitative measure of the simplicity of a geometric construction which reduces geometric constructions to five steps. It was devised by È. Lemoine. S_1 Place a ...

Hypothesis testing is the use of statistics to determine the probability that a given hypothesis is true. The usual process of hypothesis testing consists of four steps. 1. ...

By way of analogy with the prime counting function pi(x), the notation pi_(a,b)(x) denotes the number of primes of the form ak+b less than or equal to x (Shanks 1993, pp. ...

The Ouchi illusion, illustrated above, is an illusion named after its inventor, Japanese artist Hajime Ouchi. In this illusion, the central disk seems to float above the ...

Let pi_(m,n)(x) denote the number of primes <=x which are congruent to n modulo m (i.e., the modular prime counting function). Then one might expect that ...

The Remez algorithm (Remez 1934), also called the Remez exchange algorithm, is an application of the Chebyshev alternation theorem that constructs the polynomial of best ...

The number of operations needed to effect a geometric construction as determined in geometrography. If the number of operations of the five geometrographic types are denoted ...