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A weak pseudo-Riemannian metric on a smooth manifold M is a (0,2) tensor field g which is symmetric and for which, at each m in M, g_m(v_m,w_m)=0 for all w_m in T_mM implies ...

A sequence of uncorrelated numbers alpha_n developed by Wiener (1926-1927). The numbers are constructed by beginning with {1,-1}, (1) then forming the outer product with ...

The Yff circles are the two triplets of congruent circle in which each circle is tangent to two sides of a reference triangle. In each case, the triplets intersect pairwise ...

A type of compact surface studied by German mathematician Otto Zoll following an idea of Darboux. It is characterized by the property that all its geodesics are closed and of ...

The Euler-Mascheroni constant gamma, sometimes also called 'Euler's constant' or 'the Euler constant' (but not to be confused with the constant e=2.718281...) is defined as ...

An Eisenstein series with half-period ratio tau and index r is defined by G_r(tau)=sum^'_(m=-infty)^inftysum^'_(n=-infty)^infty1/((m+ntau)^r), (1) where the sum sum^(') ...

The hyperbolic functions sinhz, coshz, tanhz, cschz, sechz, cothz (hyperbolic sine, hyperbolic cosine, hyperbolic tangent, hyperbolic cosecant, hyperbolic secant, and ...

The pedal of a curve C with respect to a point O is the locus of the foot of the perpendicular from O to the tangent to the curve. More precisely, given a curve C, the pedal ...

A set is a finite or infinite collection of objects in which order has no significance, and multiplicity is generally also ignored (unlike a list or multiset). Members of a ...

The smallest cubic graphs with graph crossing number CN(G)=n have been termed "crossing number graphs" or n-crossing graphs by Pegg and Exoo (2009). The n-crossing graphs are ...