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A k-matching in a graph G is a set of k edges, no two of which have a vertex in common (i.e., an independent edge set of size k). Let Phi_k be the number of k-matchings in ...

The 24-cell is a finite regular four-dimensional polytope with Schläfli symbol {3,4,3}. It is also known as the hyperdiamond or icositetrachoron, and is composed of 24 ...

The Wolfram Physics Project posits the existence of abstract relations between atoms of space whose pattern defines the structure of physical space. In this approach, two ...

The Hadwiger-Nelson problem asks for the chromatic number of the plane, i.e., the minimum number of colors needed to color the plane if no two points at unit distance one ...

The vertex connectivity kappa(G) of a graph G, also called "point connectivity" or simply "connectivity," is the minimum size of a vertex cut, i.e., a vertex subset S subset= ...

The word "rank" refers to several related concepts in mathematics involving graphs, groups, matrices, quadratic forms, sequences, set theory, statistics, and tensors. In ...

Tutte (1971/72) conjectured that there are no 3-connected nonhamiltonian bicubic graphs. However, a counterexample was found by J. D. Horton in 1976 (Gropp 1990), and several ...

The ABC (atom-bond connectivity) index of a graph is defined as half the sum of the matrix elements of its ABC matrix. It was introduced by Estrada et al. (2017) to model the ...

A search algorithm of a graph which explores all nodes adjacent to the current node before moving on. For cyclic graphs, care must be taken to make sure that no nodes are ...

A vertex is a special point of a mathematical object, and is usually a location where two or more lines or edges meet. Vertices are most commonly encountered in angles, ...