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An n×n matrix A is an elementary matrix if it differs from the n×n identity I_n by a single elementary row or column operation.

An equation is a mathematical expression stating that two or more quantities are the same as one another, also called an equality, formula, or identity.

A representation phi of a group G is faithful if it is one-to-one, i.e., if phi(g)=phi(h) implies g=h for g,h in G. Equivalently, phi is faithful if phi(g)=I_n implies g=e, ...

Let B, A, and e be square matrices with e small, and define B=A(I+e), (1) where I is the identity matrix. Then the inverse of B is approximately B^(-1)=(I-e)A^(-1). (2) This ...

An identity which relates hypergeometric functions,

A diagonal matrix whose diagonal elements all contain the same scalar lambda. A scalar matrix is therefore equivalent to lambdaI, where I is the identity matrix.

Slater (1960, p. 31) terms the identity _4F_3[a,1+1/2a,b,-n; 1/2a,1+a-b;1+a+n]=((1+a)_n(1/2+1/2a-b)_n)/((1/2+1/2a)_n(1+a-b)_n) for n a nonnegative integer the "_4F_3[1] ...

The constant polynomial P(x)=0 whose coefficients are all equal to 0. The corresponding polynomial function is the constant function with value 0, also called the zero map. ...

A category consists of three things: a collection of objects, for each pair of objects a collection of morphisms (sometimes call "arrows") from one to another, and a binary ...

The Euler formula, sometimes also called the Euler identity (e.g., Trott 2004, p. 174), states e^(ix)=cosx+isinx, (1) where i is the imaginary unit. Note that Euler's ...