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For a discrete function f(n), the summatory function is defined by F(n)=sum_(k in D)^nf(k), where D is the domain of the function.

An integer n which is tested to see if it divides a given number.

A nonzero element x of a ring for which x·y=0, where y is some other nonzero element and the multiplication x·y is the multiplication of the ring. A ring with no zero ...

An aliquot sequence computed using the analog of the restricted divisor function s^*(n) in which only unitary divisors are included.

Sociable numbers computed using the analog of the restricted divisor function s^*(n) in which only unitary divisors are included.

A pair of numbers m and n such that sigma(m)=sigma(n)=m+n-1, where sigma(m) is the divisor function. Beck and Najar (1977) found 11 augmented amicable pairs.

The exponent of the largest power of 2 which divides a given number 2n. The values of the ruler function for n=1, 2, ..., are 1, 2, 1, 3, 1, 2, 1, 4, 1, 2, ... (OEIS A001511).

A partial function is a function that is not total.

If a and n are relatively prime so that the greatest common divisor GCD(a,n)=1, then a^(lambda(n))=1 (mod n), where lambda is the Carmichael function.

Given the left factorial function Sigma(n)=sum_(k=1)^nk!, SK(p) for p prime is the smallest integer n such that p|1+Sigma(n-1). The first few known values of SK(p) are 2, 4, ...