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The recurrence relation (n-1)A_(n+1)=(n^2-1)A_n+(n+1)A_(n-1)+4(-1)^n valid for n=4, 5, ... with A(2)=0 and A(3)=1 and which solves the married couples problem (Dörrie 1965, ...

The solution u(x,y)=int_0^xdxiint_1^yR(xi,eta;x,y)f(xi,eta)deta, where R(x,y;xieta) is the Riemann function of the linear Goursat problem with characteristics phi=psi=0 ...

The function f(x,y)=(1-x)^2+100(y-x^2)^2 that is often used as a test problem for optimization algorithms (where a variation with 100 replaced by 105 is sometimes used; ...

Cube duplication, also called the Delian problem, is one of the geometric problems of antiquity which asks, given the length of an edge of a cube, that a second cube be ...

An edge cover is a subset of edges defined similarly to the vertex cover (Skiena 1990, p. 219), namely a collection of graph edges such that the union of edge endpoints ...

Let c_k be the number of edge covers of a graph G of size k. Then the edge cover polynomial E_G(x) is defined by E_G(x)=sum_(k=0)^mc_kx^k, (1) where m is the edge count of G ...

A locally finite space is one for which every point of a given space has a neighborhood that meets only finitely many elements of any cover.

A curve on the surface of a sphere. Examples include the baseball cover, Seiffert's spherical spiral, spherical helix, and spherical spiral.

A problem listed in a fall issue of Gazeta Matematică in the mid-1970s posed the question if x_1>0 and x_(n+1)=(1+1/(x_n))^n (1) for n=1, 2, ..., then are there any values ...

The longest path problem asks to find a path of maximum length in a given graph. The problem is NP-complete, but there exists an efficient dynamic programming solution for ...