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Let x and y be vectors. Then the triangle inequality is given by |x|-|y|<=|x+y|<=|x|+|y|. (1) Equivalently, for complex numbers z_1 and z_2, ...

A triply periodic function is a function having three distinct periods. Jacobi (1835) proved that a single-valued univariate function cannot have more than two distinct ...

The twistor equation states that del _(A^')^((A)phi^(B...E))=0, where the parentheses denote symmetrization, in a Lorentz transformation, primed spinors transform under the ...

Let X_1, ..., X_N be a sequence of independent observations of a random variable X, and let the number of observations N itself be chosen at random. Then Wald's equation ...

The Wiener sausage of radius a>0 is the random process defined by W^a(t)= union _(0<=s<=t)B_a(beta(s)) where here, beta(t) is the standard Brownian motion in R^d for t>=0 and ...

Calculus II

First-passage percolation is a time-dependent generalization of discrete Bernoulli percolation in which each graph edge e of Z^d is assigned a nonnegative random variable ...

A d-dimensional discrete percolation model is said to be inhomogeneous if different graph edges (in the case of bond percolation models) or vertices (in the case of site ...

A k-matching in a graph G is a set of k edges, no two of which have a vertex in common (i.e., an independent edge set of size k). Let Phi_k be the number of k-matchings of ...

A means of describing how one state develops into another state over the course of time. Technically, a dynamical system is a smooth action of the reals or the integers on ...