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The evolute of the prolate cycloid x = at-bsint (1) y = a-bcost (2) (with b>a) is given by x = a[t+((bcost-a)sint)/(acost-b)] (3) y = (a(a-bcost)^2)/(b(acost-b)). (4)

If proofreader A finds a mistakes and proofreader B finds b mistakes, c of which were also found by A, how many mistakes were missed by both A and B? Assume there are a total ...

An extension A subset B of a group, ring, module, field, etc., such that A!=B.

A proper factor of a positive integer n is a factor of n other than 1 or n (Derbyshire 2004, p. 32). For example, 2 and 3 are positive proper factors of 6, but 1 and 6 are ...

A proper fraction is a fraction p/q with p,q>0 such that p/q<1. A fraction p/q>1 is called an improper fraction.

A group action of a topological group G on a topological space X is said to be a proper group action if the mapping G×X->X×X(g,x)|->(gx,x) is a proper map, i.e., inverses of ...

A proper subgroup is a proper subset H of group elements of a group G that satisfies the four group requirements. "H is a proper subgroup of G" is written H subset G. The ...

A submodule that is not the entire module.

A subvariety of an algebraic variety that is not the entire variety. The proper subvarieties of a line are its nonempty finite subsets, the proper subvarieties of a plane are ...

A knot having the property that no surgery could possibly yield a counterexample to the Poincaré conjecture is said to satisfy Property P (Adams 1994, p. 262).