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An orthogonal basis of vectors is a set of vectors {x_j} that satisfy x_jx_k=C_(jk)delta_(jk) and x^mux_nu=C_nu^mudelta_nu^mu, where C_(jk), C_nu^mu are constants (not ...

If all elements a_(ij) of an irreducible matrix A are nonnegative, then R=minM_lambda is an eigenvalue of A and all the eigenvalues of A lie on the disk |z|<=R, where, if ...

A distance g on a set that fulfils the same properties as a metric except relaxes the definition to allow the distance between two different points to be zero. An example of ...

A topology on a set X whose open sets are the unions of open balls B(X_0,r)={x in x|g(x_0,x)<r}, where g is a pseudometric on X, x_0 is any point of X, and r>0. There is a ...

An array B=b_(ij), i,j>=1 of positive integers is called a dispersion if 1. The first column of B is a strictly increasing sequence, and there exists a strictly increasing ...

Let f_1(z), ..., f_m(z) for m>=1 be a set of E-functions that (1) form a solution of the system of differential equations y_k^'=q_(k0)+sum_(j=1)^mq_(kj)y_j for q_(kj) in C(z) ...

A two-dimensional affine geometry constructed over a finite field. For a field F of size n, the affine plane consists of the set of points which are ordered pairs of elements ...

In a normal n×n Latin square, the entries in each row and column are chosen from a "global" set of n objects. Like a Latin square, a partial Latin square has no two rows or ...

A chord which is a normal at each end. A centrosymmetric set K subset R^d has d double normals through the center (Croft et al. 1991). For a curve of constant width, all ...

A set function mu is finitely additive if, given any finite disjoint collection of sets {E_k}_(k=1)^n on which mu is defined, mu( union _(k=1)^nE_k)=sum_(k=1)^nmu(E_k).