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If two points A and A^' are inverse with respect to a circle (the inversion circle), then the straight line through A^' which is perpendicular to the line of the points AA^' ...

A polynomial is said to be irreducible if it cannot be factored into nontrivial polynomials over the same field. For example, in the field of rational polynomials Q[x] (i.e., ...

The first and second isodynamic points of a triangle DeltaABC can be constructed by drawing the triangle's angle bisectors and exterior angle bisectors. Each pair of ...

An isohedron is a convex polyhedron with symmetries acting transitively on its faces with respect to the center of gravity. Every isohedron has an even number of faces ...

An isolated singularity is a singularity for which there exists a (small) real number epsilon such that there are no other singularities within a neighborhood of radius ...

Roughly speaking, isospectral manifolds are drums that sound the same, i.e., have the same eigenfrequency spectrum. Two drums with differing area, perimeter, or genus can ...

A tensor which has the same components in all rotated coordinate systems. All rank-0 tensors (scalars) are isotropic, but no rank-1 tensors (vectors) are. The unique rank-2 ...

Jackson's theorem is a statement about the error E_n(f) of the best uniform approximation to a real function f(x) on [-1,1] by real polynomials of degree at most n. Let f(x) ...

The variable phi (also denoted am(u,k)) used in elliptic functions and elliptic integrals is called the amplitude (or Jacobi amplitude). It can be defined by phi = am(u,k) ...

The Jacobi symbol, written (n/m) or (n/m) is defined for positive odd m as (n/m)=(n/(p_1))^(a_1)(n/(p_2))^(a_2)...(n/(p_k))^(a_k), (1) where m=p_1^(a_1)p_2^(a_2)...p_k^(a_k) ...