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Throughout abstract algebra, the term "magma" is most often used as a synonym of the more antiquated term "groupoid," referring to a set equipped with a binary operator. The ...

The Markström graph is a cubic planar graph on 24 vertices which lacks cycles of length 4 and 8 but contains cycles of length 16. (In particular, it contains cycles of ...

The "mathematical paradigm" is a term that may be applied to the fundamental idea that events in the world can be described by mathematical equations, and that solutions to ...

The Mathon graphs are three strongly regular graphs on 784 vertices with regular parameters as summarized in the following tables. k spectrum regular parameters 0 ...

A maximal independent edge set of a graph is an independent edge set that cannot be expanded to another independent edge set by addition of any edge in the graph. Note that a ...

A maximal irredundant set is an irredundant set that cannot be expanded to another irredundant set by addition of any vertex in the graph. Note that a maximal irredundant set ...

A maximally nonhamiltonian graph is a nonhamiltonian graph G for which G+e is Hamiltonian for each edge e in the graph complement of G^_, i.e., every two nonadjacent vertices ...

This problem is NP-complete (Garey and Johnson 1983).

The mean distance of a (connected) graph is the mean of the elements of its graph distance matrix. Closed forms for some classes of named graphs are given in the following ...

Call a graph vertex m(a,b,c) a median of a graph G if it lies on all shortest paths between each pair of vertices (a,b), (b,a), and (c,a) in G. A median graph is then defined ...