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A formal logic developed by Alonzo Church and Stephen Kleene to address the computable number problem. In the lambda calculus, lambda is defined as the abstraction operator. ...

The line integral of a vector field F(x) on a curve sigma is defined by int_(sigma)F·ds=int_a^bF(sigma(t))·sigma^'(t)dt, (1) where a·b denotes a dot product. In Cartesian ...

A local Banach algebra is a normed algebra A=(A,|·|_A) which satisfies the following properties: 1. If x in A and f is an analytic function on a neighborhood of the spectrum ...

A macron is a bar placed over a single symbol or character, such as x^_. The symbol z^_ is sometimes used to denote the following operations: 1. The complex conjugate z^_. 2. ...

Throughout abstract algebra, the term "magma" is most often used as a synonym of the more antiquated term "groupoid," referring to a set equipped with a binary operator. The ...

Let A be a commutative complex Banach algebra. The space of all characters on A is called the maximal ideal space (or character space) of A. This space equipped with the ...

Module multiplicity is a number associated with every nonzero finitely generated graded module M over a graded ring R for which the Hilbert series is defined. If dim(M)=d, ...

A monoid is a set that is closed under an associative binary operation and has an identity element I in S such that for all a in S, Ia=aI=a. Note that unlike a group, its ...

Let A be a non-unital C^*-algebra. There is a unique (up to isomorphism) unital C^*-algebra which contains A as an essential ideal and is maximal in the sense that any other ...

Let H be a complex Hilbert space, and define a nest as a set N of closed subspaces of H satisfying the conditions: 1. 0,H in N, 2. If N_1,N_2 in N, then either N_1 subset= ...