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The word "spectrum" confusingly has a number of unrelated meanings in various branches of mathematics.

A surface represented parametrically by elliptic functions.

The first Göllnitz-Gordon identity states that the number of partitions of n in which the minimal difference between parts is at least 2, and at least 4 between even parts, ...

An approximate unit for a C^*-algebra A is an increasing net {u_lambda}_(lambda in Lambda) of positive elements in the closed unit ball of A such that a=lim_(lambda)au_lambda ...

The differential equation obtained by applying the biharmonic operator and setting to zero: del ^4phi=0. (1) In Cartesian coordinates, the biharmonic equation is del ^4phi = ...

The closed graph theorem states that a linear operator between two Banach spaces X and Y is continuous iff it has a closed graph, where the "graph" {(x,f(x)):x in X} is ...

A measure which takes values in the complex numbers. The set of complex measures on a measure space X forms a vector space. Note that this is not the case for the more common ...

The convective derivative is a derivative taken with respect to a moving coordinate system. It is also called the advective derivative, derivative following the motion, ...

Functional analysis is a branch of mathematics concerned with infinite-dimensional vector spaces (mainly function spaces) and mappings between them. The spaces may be of ...

A (2n)×(2n) complex matrix A in C^(2n×2n) is said to be Hamiltonian if J_nA=(J_nA)^(H), (1) where J_n in R^(2n×2n) is the matrix of the form J_n=[0 I_n; I_n 0], (2) I_n is ...