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The doubly noncentral F-distribution describes the distribution (X/n_1)/(Y/n_2) for two independently distributed noncentral chi-squared variables X:chi_(n_1)^2(lambda_1) and ...

Informally, a function f is a one-way function if 1. The description of f is publicly known and does not require any secret information for its operation. 2. Given x, it is ...

Given a sample of n variates X_1, ..., X_N, reorder them so that Y_1<Y_2<...<Y_N. Then Y_i is called the ith order statistic (Hogg and Craig 1970, p. 146), sometimes also ...

A word is said to be overlapfree if it has no subwords of the form xyxyx. A squarefree word is overlapfree, and an overlapfree word is cubefree. The numbers t(n) of binary ...

Hadamard matrices H_n can be constructed using finite field GF(p^m) when p=4l-1 and m is odd. Pick a representation r relatively prime to p. Then by coloring white ...

The term "parameter" is used in a number of ways in mathematics. In general, mathematical functions may have a number of arguments. Arguments that are typically varied when ...

The number of partitions of n in which no parts are multiples of k is sometimes denoted b_k(n) (Gordon and Ono 1997). b_k(n) is also the number of partitions of n into at ...

Every nonconstant entire function attains every complex value with at most one exception (Henrici 1988, p. 216; Apostol 1997). Furthermore, every analytic function assumes ...

The illusion that the two ends of a straight line segment passing behind an obscuring rectangle are offset when, in fact, they are aligned. The Poggendorff illusion was ...

If two points A and A^' are inverse (sometimes called conjugate) with respect to a circle (the inversion circle), then the straight line through A^' which is perpendicular to ...