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A square matrix is called Hermitian if it is self-adjoint. Therefore, a Hermitian matrix A=(a_(ij)) is defined as one for which A=A^(H), (1) where A^(H) denotes the conjugate ...

A natural extension of the Riemann p-differential equation given by (d^2w)/(dx^2)+(gamma/x+delta/(x-1)+epsilon/(x-a))(dw)/(dx)+(alphabetax-q)/(x(x-1)(x-a))w=0 where ...

Two mathematical objects are said to be homotopic if one can be continuously deformed into the other. For example, the real line is homotopic to a single point, as is any ...

Hypothesis testing is the use of statistics to determine the probability that a given hypothesis is true. The usual process of hypothesis testing consists of four steps. 1. ...

The identity matrix is a the simplest nontrivial diagonal matrix, defined such that I(X)=X (1) for all vectors X. An identity matrix may be denoted 1, I, E (the latter being ...

If two points A and A^' are inverse with respect to a circle (the inversion circle), then the straight line through A^' which is perpendicular to the line of the points AA^' ...

The Jordan matrix decomposition is the decomposition of a square matrix M into the form M=SJS^(-1), (1) where M and J are similar matrices, J is a matrix of Jordan canonical ...

A theorem giving a criterion for an origami construction to be flat. Kawasaki's theorem states that a given crease pattern can be folded to a flat origami iff all the ...

Klee's identity is the binomial sum sum_(k=0)^n(-1)^k(n; k)(n+k; m)=(-1)^n(n; m-n), where (n; k) is a binomial coefficient. For m=0, 1, ... and n=0, 1,..., the following ...

A goodness-of-fit test for any statistical distribution. The test relies on the fact that the value of the sample cumulative density function is asymptotically normally ...